CROMIUM PICOLINATE/STEARNS STUDY                              (3 of 4)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.Stearns DM, Wise JP Sr, Patierno SR, Wetterhan KE -The Dietary
Supplement Chromium Picolinate Induces Chromosome Damage in Chinese
Hamster Ovary Cells. FASEB J 1995; A451

2. Evans GW, Pouchnik DJ  -Composition and Biological Activity of
Chromium-Pyridine Carboxylate Complexes.        J INORG BIOCHEM 1993;
49: 177-187

3. Lee NA,  Reasner CA -Beneficial Effect of Chromium Supplementation
on Serum Triglyceride levels in NIDDM. DIABETES CARE 1994; 17: 1449 –
1452

4. Clancy SP, Clarkson PM, DeCheke ME, et al – Effects of Chromium
Picolinate Supplementation on Body Composition, Strength and Urinary
Chromium Loss in Football Players – INTL J SPORT NUTR 1994; 4: 142 –
153

5. Levis AG, Majone F – Cytotoxic and Clastogenic Effects of Soluble
Chromium Compounds on Mammilian Cell Cultures. BRIT J CANCER 1979; 40:
523 – 533

6. Levis AG, Majone F – Cytotoxic and Clastogunic Effects of Soluble
and Insoluble Compounds Containing Hexavalent and Trivalent Chromium.
BRIT J CANCER 1981; 44: 219 – 236

7. Stella M, Montaldi A, Rossi R, et al – Clastogenic Effects of
Chromium on Human Lymphocytes in Vitro and in Vivo. MUTATION RES 1982;
101: 151 – 164

8. Snow ET – A Possible Role for Chromium (III) in genotoxicity.
ENVIRON HLTH PERSP 1991; 92: 75 – 81

9. Mello-Filho AC, Meneghini R – Iron is the Intracellular Metal
Involved in the Production of DNA Damage by Oxygen Radicals. MUTAT ION
RES 1991; 251: 109 – 113

10. Chao CC, Aust AE – Photochemical Reduction of Ferric Iron by
Chelators Results in DNA Strand Breaks. ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 1993; 544
– 550

11. Toyokuni S, Sagripanti JL – DNA Single- and Double-Strand  Breaks
Produced by Ferric Nitrilotriacetate in Relation to Renal Tubular
Carcinogenesis. CARCINOGENESIS 1993; 14: 223 – 227

12. Li Y, Trush MA – DNA Damage Resulting From the Oxidation of
Hydroquinone by Copper: Role For a Cu(II)/Cu(I) Redox Cycle and
Reactive Oxygen Generation. CARCINOGENESIS 1993; 7: 1303 – 1311

13. Ozawa T, Ueda J, Shimazu Y – DNA Single Strand Breakage by
Copper(II) Complexes and Hydrogen Peroxide at Physiological Conditions.
BIOCHEM MOL BIOL INTERN 1993; 31: 455 – 461

14. Schaaper RM, Koplitz RM, Tkeshelashvili LK, Loeb LA – Metal-Induced
Lethality and Mutagenesis: Possible Role of Apurinic Intermediates.
MUTAT RES 1987; 177: 179 – 188          

BIBLIOGRAPHY (Cont.) & Some Final Comments                  (4 of 4)

15. Beckman RA, Mildvan AS, Loeb LA – On the Fidelity of DNA
Replication: Manganese Mutagenesis in Vitro. BIOCHEMISTRY 1985; 24:
5810 – 5817

16. Wilson AC, Thompson HJ, Schedin PJ, et al – Effect of Methylated
Forms of Selenium on Cell Viability and the Induction of DNA Strand
Breakage. BIOCHEM PHARM1992; 43:1137-1141

17. Stinson TJ, Jaw S, Jeffery EH, Plewa MJ – The Relationship Between
Nickel Chloride-Induced  Peroxidation and DNA Strand Breakage in Rat
Liver. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL 1992; 117: 98 – 103

18. Scrimshaw NS, Young VR – "The Requirements of Human Nutrition." In:
HUMAN NUTRITION; Kretchum N, Robertson WJB – Editors; W. H. Freeman &
Co., Publishers,  San Francisco 1978, pp. 157 – 170

19. Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Gajewski E, Dizdaroglu M –
Copper-Ion-Dependent Damage to the Bases in DNA in the Presence of
Hydrogen Peroxide. BIOCHEM J 1991; 273: 601 – 604

20. Ames BN, Profet M, Gold LS – Nature’s Chemicals and Synthetic
Chemicals: Comparative Toxicology. PROC NATL ACAD SCI 1990; 87: 7782 –
7786

21. Ames BN, Gold LS – Endogenous Mutagens and the Causes of Aging and
Cancer. MUTAT RES 1991; 250: 3 -16

22. Food and Drug Administration. Toxicity of the Essential Minerals —
Information Pertinent to Establishing Appropriate levels of
Single-Mineral Dietary Supplements. (Dept. of Health, Ed and Welfare,
Wash., DC) 1975, pp
 124 – 127

END OF BIBLIO

Some comments. . . . . . .

Our little association recommends a number of minerals, a few hormones
and some other nutritional supplements (depending on the member’s
condition). We never seem to have any problem with any of the
supplements EXCEPT the
 Chromium Picolinate. Crap (pardon my English) like the aforewritten
"study" makes me wonder if there is a vendetta against CrPic?
I don’t doubt that young, healthy, well-exercised people would have a
hard time noticing any benefit to prolonged use of CrPic in adequate
amounts. We have, through blood serum testing, found however, that
there ARE benef
icial changes in the body composition and chemistry of such users. Is
it worth the expense and trouble? I can’t answer that. Certainly, as
with any relatively new supplement, there is an extended time of
discovery. We are
 very much in that period now, so any RESPONSIBLE research data,
including anecdotal,  is welcome.

I found additional information not repeated here, evidencing that oral
CrPic is safe. I am con- vinced that it is, unless I can see
RESPONSIBLE evidentiary data proving otherwise.

I am solely responsible for the opinions expressed here.

                                         Ralph Burr                    
                                         Zeda Association

The current national geographic contains an article which mentions
with great sense of tragedy a spelunker who died of "insulin shock"
This guy was an experienced caver who was determined not to let
his diabetes interfere with his avocation.

I found the way NG presented these facts upsetting.  It was as
if insulin shock was some sort of a mystery.The fact is that
this guy would be alive to day if

He had made a better calculation for the effect of the extreme
exertion he was undergoing on his insulin potentcy and/or

If he had carried a meter with him and checked blood sugars

and/or if somebody else had been there to monitor his
condition closely.

I would love for others to read this article and see if you had
the same uneasy feeling that  the nature of diabetes and the
safe management of diabetes was being misrepresented in a
subtle but important way.

I thought I might write a letter to the editor or encourage
someone more articulate and well informed than I to do so.

Best,

Nick thompson

I saw a "nutrition" program on television yesterday where the expert said
that apples are great for controlling blood sugar in diabetics–something
to do with pectin.

Anyone familiar with this bit of wisdom?  Sounds like utter nonsense to
me, but I was curious to know if there is some history to the apple
theory and blood glucose control.

R. Harwood
rharw…@utk.edu

I would like to know if anyone out there is using the Precision Q-I-D meter
from MEDISENSE and if so, what do you think of it?? How does it compare it
other meters, say for instance the One Touch II?

The reason why I’m posing this question is I just learned about the Precision
from my Diab.Educator at a S.Group meeting and she thinks it’s great. I had
mentioned how I hate having to carry my meter and insuling with me when I’m
not going to be home (ie., the meter being so bulky. I own the One Touch II)
I know I have to have these things with me, but it’s just…  So my educator
thought the Precision might be something to consider seeing it’s small.

So now, I just want to hear what other Precision user have to say, before I
purchase it. Also, if there are any Physicians who have stated an opinion, I
would like to hear from you.

All responses can be emailed to:   cproven…@vax.clarku.edu

Thank you.

I just found your newsgroup, and have enjoyed looking around.

I recently decided I needed to take off a few pounds, and began
improving my diet, exercising more, taking vitamins, etc.  One vitamin
I started taking was chromium piclonate.  After about a week of
struggling with my blood sugar, decreasing my insulin dramatically each
day, and still testing consistently in the 30′s, I happened to read the
warning label on the vitamin jars.  Chromium piclonate has a warning
for diabetics.  Does anybody have any news about this substance and
what effect it has on diabetics?  Please e-mail to me
kmcclure.ix.netcom.com.

-Thanks

Hi, I have recently, after many years of low energy etc, been diagnosed
having hypoglycemia.  Unlike diabetics who need sugar to regain energy,
when sugar enters my system, my insulin works in overtime.  I have had no
success in locating information on my condition.  I know all I have to do
is cut out sugar (which at this stage in my life is not easy.)  
I also know that if I become pregnant I will have to be closely monitored
because pregnant women’s insulin normally is out of whack.
I have had problems becoming insured medically even though it is
controlled through diet.  

Is there anyone out there who has this same condition? How do you deal
with it?  Have you experienced any side effects? Any negative experiences?
Please respond.

Debra Hiscock

Parents of a 23 yr old type 1 diabetic (since 12 yrs of age)  are at wits
end. Intractable pain at night for weeks. On narcotics. Hospitalization on
and off. Also suffering from anorexia which is now under control. Is there
anyone with similar experience?

Has anyone had experience regarding anorexia and a young person with
diabetes. Parents are at wits end as neuropathy and retinopathy now major
problems although anorexia is under control. Daughter is 23 yrs and has
been taking insulin for at least 10 (I’m not sure as I am sending for
friends)

A non-diabetice friend of mine came across an article/newsbroadcast about
and insulin patch being developed.  She knew nothing more than this.  Was
she dreaming or does anyone else aware of such research?

Michael Nielsen
University of Washington